Foods for special medical purposes (FSMPs) are designed to meet the nutritional needs arising from a wide range of medical conditions affecting patients of all ages, including infants, children and adolescents. They shall be designed on the basis of scientific and clinical research , and in accordance with national or international guidelines.

They shall be used on the recommendation and under the supervision of a Health Care Professional and shall be labelled as to their intended use. This necessary and ongoing supervision by Health Care Professionals distinguishes FSMPs from other types of food.

Their use is widespread in healthcare facilities and privately in the home, either supplementing or completely replacing the normal diet to provide patients with the nutrients necessary for their survival and recovery.